• By SHAHERYAR TARIQ MAHMOOD
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  • February 17, 2026

Quiz 33— Dawn Vocabulary – Dawn opinion & Editorial3

Welcome to your Quiz 33— Dawn Vocabulary – Dawn opinion & Editorial3

Alleviate verb

make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe.
 to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe:
کم کرنا
Education, although it will alleviate the issue to a certain extent, is not the solution. DAWN

The drugs did nothing to alleviate her pain/suffering.
He couldn't prevent her pain, only alleviate it.





Similar: reduce ease relieve take the edge off deaden dull diminish

Endeavour - noun / verb

plural noun: endeavours
an attempt to achieve a goal.

Endeavours like Ms Chinoy’s documentary on the issue are steps in the right direction. DAWN

In spite of our best endeavours, it has proven impossible to contact her.
An endeavour to reduce serious injury.

Similar: attempt-- try--- bid ----effort ---trial ---venture----  crack---shot

verb 3rd person present:
to try to do something: endeavour
Endeavours try hard to do or achieve something.

Examples: 
He is endeavouring to help the Third World.
 Engineers are endeavouring to locate the source of the problem.


Similar: try ---attempt ---venture--- undertake-- aspire-- aim--- seek ---set out

Espouse---- verb

1. adopt or support (a cause, belief, or way of life).
to become involved with or support an activity or opinion:

More celebrities and public figures should espouse this cause and criticise the primitive and barbaric practice more vehemently. DAWN

Vegetarianism is one cause she does not espouse.
She espoused the causes of justice and freedom for all.

Similar: adopt --- embrace --- take up --- take to --- take to one's heart accept

futile adjective

incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
 achieving no result; not effective or successful:

The short-lived ceasefire was itself a misguided and futile attempt by the Pakistani authorities to end the armed group’s 14-year war on Pakistan.

The plane detoured north in a futile attempt to avoid the bad weather.
A futile attempt to keep fans from mounting the stage


Similar: fruitless--- vain ---pointless--- useless ---worthless

barbaric adjective

1. savagely cruel.
وحشیانہ

Plays and films on the topic can draw attention to this barbaric practice that needs to be curbed.

He carried out barbaric acts in the name of war"
She found the idea of killing animals for pleasure barbaric

Similar: cruel -- brutal ---barbarous ---brutish-- bestial --savage --vicious


curbed: 
curb  verb past tense: curbed; past participle: curbed 1
. restrain or keep in check.
She promised she would curb her temper.

Similar: restrain--- hold back--- keep back

Urge verb

gerund or present participle: urging try earnestly or persistently to persuade (someone) to do something.
recommend (something) strongly.

This in fact proved to be a turning point urging Islamabad to rethink its Afghan policy.
He urged her to come and stay with us
I urge caution in interpreting these results.

Similar: advise ---counsel--- advocate--- recommend--- suggest ---support--- persuade

Mend verb

1. repair (something that is broken or damaged).
to repair something that is broken or not working:

In response, Kabul indicated its keenness to mend ties with Islamabad 

They're sending someone round to mend the photocopier.
workmen were mending faulty cabling.

Similar: repair--- fix--- put back together ---piece together---- patch up ----restore

desist --- verb

stop doing something; cease or abstain.
 to stop doing something, especially something that someone else does not want you to do

In response, Kabul indicated its keenness to mend ties with Islamabad while urging it to decouple trade from terrorism and desist from forcing it to take actions under pressure.


The soldiers have been ordered to desist from firing their guns.
The high winds are expected to desist tomorrow.
Each pledged to desist from acts of sabotage.

Similar: abstain --- refrain--- forbear-- hold back ---keep-- stop --cease


decouple
verb
separate, disengage, or dissociate (something) from something else.
"the mountings effectively decouple movements of the engine from those of the wheels"

clinch - VERB

verb
confirm or settle (a contract or bargain).
"Clinch" is a verb that means to settle or finalize something decisively, often by reaching an agreement or making a successful argument.
"the Texan wanted to impress him to clinch a business deal"
the IMF last July to clinch the ongoing $3bn short-term deal, avert default, and shore up its international reserves. The

breathed fire -- idiom

 to talk and behave in a very angry way:

To strongly express one's anger, typically verbally.

Unless you want to get yelled at, stay away from the boss today—he's breathing fire over that .
Pakistanis breathed fire at a university lecturer who had set an exam paper that included a question about incest.

exhume verb

past tense: exhumed; past participle: exhumed dig out (something buried, especially a corpse) from the ground.

"the bodies were exhumed on the orders of a judge"
 Last week, the body of a girl in Toba Tek Singh was exhumed for autopsy due to suspicions of incest by her brother and father; she was allegedly pregnant.

SHAHERYAR TARIQ MAHMOOD

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